Mastering Python Conditional Statements: If, Elif, Else Explained

Conditional statements allow a program to make decisions based on certain conditions. They help in controlling the flow of execution by running specific blocks of code only if the conditions are met.

1. if Statement

Description:

if statement executes a block of code only if the condition is True.

Syntax:

if condition:
    # Code to execute if condition is True

Example 1.

temperature = 20
if temperature > 20:
    print("outside! too hot")  

Example 2

age=18 
if age>=18
   print("you are allow to eligible for vote in election")

2. else Statement

Description :

if a specified condition evaluates to True, the program executes one block of code; if the condition is False, it executes an alternate block instead, allowing the program to make decisions based on different scenarios.

Syntax:

if condition:
    # Code if condition is True
else:
    # Code if condition is False

Example 1:

age=16
if age>=18:
   print("you are eligible for vote!")
else:
   print("you are under 18, not eligible for vote")

Example 2:

temperature = 25
if temperature > 30:
    print("It's hot outside!")  
else:
    print("It's a pleasant day.")

3. if-elif-else Statement:

Description:

The if-elif-else structure in Python enables the program to evaluate multiple conditions one after another. It starts by checking the first if condition—if it’s False, it moves to the next elif condition, and so on. If none of the conditions are True, the else block runs as a fallback, making it ideal for handling several possible outcomes in a clear and organized way.

Syntax:

if condition1:
    # Code if condition1 is True
elif condition2:
    # Code if condition2 is True
else:
    # Code if none of the conditions are True

Example:

age=20
if age<13:
   print("you are child")
elif age<18:
   print("you are tenager")
else: 
   print("you are adult")

4.Nested if Statement:

An if statement inside another if creates complex logic.

Syntax:

if condition1:
    if condition2:
        # Code executes if both conditions are True

Example :

num=20
if num>=0:
   print("given number is positive")
   if num%2=0
      print("given number is even")
   else
      print("given number is odd")
else
   print("number is zero or negative")