Eye opener of software beginner

Before starting the development of any web application, it is crucial for beginners to consider the following key points.

1. Presentation Layer (Frontend)
2. Business Logic Layer (Backend)
3. Data Access Layer (DAL)
4. Database Layer
5. Security Layer

1. Presentation Layer (Frontend)

Purpose: Handles the user interface and user experience.

Components:

• HTML, CSS, JavaScript, jQuery , Jsp .
• Frontend frameworks/libraries like React.js and Angular.js

Responsibilities:

• Display products, handle user input, and manage client-side routing.
• Communicate with backend services via APIs.

2. Business Logic Layer (Backend)

• Purpose: Contains the core functionality and logic of the application.
• Components:
  • Server-side frameworks and languages (e.g., Node.js, Django, Spring Boot)
  • Controllers, services, and business logic
• Responsibilities:
  • Process user requests, apply business rules, handle transactions, and manage sessions.
  • Authentication and authorization.

3. Data Access Layer (DAL)

• Purpose: Manages all interactions with the database.
• Components:
  • ORMs (Object-Relational Mappers) like Jpa, Hibernate, or Entity Framework
  • Oracle , Direct SQL or NoSQL database queries
• Responsibilities:
  • CRUD operations (Create, Read, Update, Delete) for entities such as products, users, orders, etc.
  • Manage database connections and transactions.

4. Database Layer

• Purpose: Store and retrieve data persistently.
• Components:
  • Relational databases (e.g., MySQL, Oracle 10g)
  • NoSQL databases (e.g., MongoDB, Cassandra)
• Responsibilities:
  • Store structured and unstructured data like product details, user information, orders, etc.

5. Security Layer

• Purpose: Ensure the security of the application and data.
• Components:
  • Security protocols and tools (e.g., SSL/TLS, OAuth, JWT)
  • Web Application Firewalls (WAF)
• Responsibilities:
  • Protect against threats like SQL injection, XSS, CSRF, etc.
  • Manage user authentication, authorization, and encryption of sensitive data.https://myntr.it/DR8nAzf